Ido Affixes
| GRAMMATICAL ENDINGS | |
| -o | noun: in adjectival roots, presents the root as something more or less concrete -- parolo a spoken word, speaking; rejo king; belo a beauty |
| -a | adjective: marks what is identical with the root -- marmora made of marble; bela beautiful |
| -e | adverb: parole by speech; reje as a king; bele beautifully |
| -i | plural: paroli spoken words; reji kings; beli beauties |
| -ar | verb, present infinitive: parolar to speak |
| -ir | verb, past infinitive: parolir to have spoken |
| -or | verb, future infinitive: parolor to be about to speak |
| -as | verb, present tense: me parolas I speak |
| -is | verb, past tense: me parolis I spoke |
| -os | verb, future tense: me parolos I will speak |
| -us | verb, conditional: me parolus I would speak |
| -ez | verb, imperative: il parolez! let him speak! |
PARTICIPIAL FORMATIVES | |
| -ant- | present active: konstruktanta building |
| -at- | present passive: konstruktata being built |
| -int- | past active: konstruktinta having built |
| -it- | past passive: konstruktita built |
| -ont- | future active: konstruktonta going to build |
| -ot- | future passive: konstruktota going to be built |
PREFIXES | |
| anti- | contra-, against, counter: antibakterio bactericide -- kontre- is usually preferred to anti- |
| arki- | arch-, chief: arkiduko archduke |
| bo- | relative by marriage: bofratulo brother-in-law |
| bi- | two-: bikapa two-headed |
| des- | direct opposite: desagreabla disagreeable; descharjar unload; desbeligar disfigure |
| dis- | separation, dispersal: dispecigar dismember; disdonar distribute |
| ex- | former: exspozino ex-wife |
| gala- | gala-: galafesto gala festival |
| ge- | emphasizes both sexes together: gesiori ladies and gentlemen |
| mi- | half, semi-, less than usual: mifratulo half-brother; mimortinta half-dead; mihoro half an hour |
| mis- | wrongly: miskomprenar misunderstand; misuzo misuse |
| mono- | one-: monokapa monocephalous |
| ne- | non-, un-: nesavar be ignorant of; neposibla impossible |
| nona- | five-: nonakapa nine-headed |
| okto- | eight-: oktokapa eight-headed |
| par- | completely, -up: paruzar use up; parirar to go through to the end |
| para- | protection against: parapluvo umbrella; paravento windshield |
| pre- | pre- (replaces ante in composed words): predicar predict; preavino great grandmother |
| pseudo- | pseudo-: pseudo-intelektozo pseudo-intellectual |
| quadri- | quadri-: quadrikapa four-headed; quadripedo quadruped |
| quinqua- | five-: quinquakapa five-headed |
| retro- | retro-: retro-agiva retroactive; retrotirar draw back(ward) |
| ri- | return, repetition: ripagar repay; rilektar re-read; ridonar give back |
| sen- | -less: senkapa headless; senarma unarmed |
| septua- | seven-: septuakapa seven-headed |
| sexa- | six-: sexakapa six-headed |
| stif(a)- | step-: stifmatro stepmother; stifafiliulo stepson |
SUFFIXES | |
| -ach- | disparagement: hominacho hag; belacha tawdry; skribachar scrawl |
| -ad- | prolonged, repeated, or habitual action: pafado volley; frapado beating |
| -ag- | action, use: manuagar handle; krucago a crucifiction; butonagar button |
| -aj- | (i) concrete manifestation of an adjective root = io -a: novajo a novelty; (ii) external manifestation of a verb root = io -anta, -ata: sendajo something sent; existajo something existing; (iii) related to or made of by a noun root: amikalajo an act of friendship; lanaji woollens |
| -al- | related to, belonging to: statala belonging to the state; aquala ludi water sports; note that -al- is not used to terminate composed words, since the first element of the word sufficiently indicates the relationship: nacionala legi national laws, internaciona legi international laws |
| -an- | belonging to a certain domain: policano policeman; Afrikano African |
| -ar- | collective, group: militistaro armed force; vortaro vocabulary |
| -ari- | -ee: pagario payee |
| -atr- | -like, -ish: blankatra whitish; dimezatra noonish |
| -e- | -colored: orea golden; laktea milky-white |
| -ebl- | possibility: lernebla learnable; risanigebla curable |
| -ed- | -ful: bokedo mouthful; poshedo pocketful |
| -eg- | augmentative: domego mansion; bluega deep blue; amegar adore |
| -em- | disposition, tendency: timema fearful; celema secretive; erorema fallible |
| -end- | passive obligation: facenda that must be done; evitenda that must be avoided |
| -er- | person of habitual, but not professional, action: dansero (non-professional) dancer; reptero reptile |
| -eri- | (industrial) establishment: imprimerio print shop; lakterio dairy |
| -es- | abstract quality: amikeso friendship; blankeso whiteness; kaptiteso captivity |
| -esk- | begin to, become, get, come to be: paleskar turn pale; richeskar get rich; dormeskar fall asleep |
| -esm- | ordinal: unesma first; duesma second |
| -estr- | leader, head: imperiestro emperor; urbestro mayor |
| -et- | diminutive: stoneto pebble; blueta bluish; bolietar simmer |
| -ey- | place allotted to or characterized by: golfeyo golf course; dormeyo dormitory; dukeyo ducal palace |
| -i- | domain of: dukio duchy; parokio parish |
| -id- | human descendant of: rejido royal scion; Atreido descendant of Atreus |
| -ier- | person or thing characterized by something: kurasiero cuirassier; roziero rosebush; kandeliero candlestick |
| -if- | generate, produce, secrete: pomifar bear apples; sudorifar perspire; linguifar create languages |
| -ig- | causative = facar -a, -o, -ata, -anta: faciligar facilitate; saligar salify; konstruktigar cause to be built; mortigar put to death |
| -ik- | sick with : tuberklosiko a tubercular person |
| -il- | tool, implement: brosilo brush; vehilo vehicle |
| -im- | fraction: quarimo quarter; duimigar halve |
| -in- | female: porkino sow; belino belle; spozino wife |
| -ind- | worthiness: fidinda trustworthy; ridinda ridiculous; kompatinda poor |
| -ism- | theory, system; characteristic behavior: komunismo communism; Darwinismo Darwinism; fetishismo fetishism |
| -ist- | professional; enthusiastic amateur; adherent, partisan: floristo florist; biciklisto cyclist; socialisto socialist |
| -iv- | capability: pagiva able to pay, solvent; produktiva productive; nutrivo nutritive |
| -iz- | -ize, provide with: klovizar furnish with nails, stud; salizar salt |
| -op- | collective numeral: duope in twos, two by two; triopigita filo three-ply thread; gutope drop by drop |
| -opl- | multiple: duopla double |
| -oz- | abundance of, full of: aquoza voyo a road full of water; poroza porous; joyoza joyous |
| -ul- | male: porkulo boar; belulo hunk; spozulo husband |
| -um- | no fixed meaning: kolumo collar; krucumar cross (a road, etc.); foliumar leaf through (a book, etc.) |
| -un- | small particle of a whole: sabluno grain of sand; greluno hailstone |
| -ur- | result of an action: pikturo picture; aperturo opening; often interchangeable with -aj- (donacuro = donacajo), but not always: tradukuro a translation, tradukajo the thing translated |
| -uy- | container, receptacle: monetuyo purse; sigaruyo cigar box |
| -yun- | young of animals: hundyuno puppy; mutonyuno lamb |